AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ A Abanindranath Tagore Definition: Pioneer of Bengal School of Art.Prelims facts: Painted 'Bharat Mata'; promoted Indian nationalist art. Learn More → Abhinav Bharat Definition: Secret revolutionary society in Maharashtra.Founded: 1904Key facts: Linked to V.D. Savarkar. Learn More → Absolute Humidity Definition: Actual amount of water vapour present in air per unit volume.Unit: g/m³.PYQ: 2016 Learn More → Accretionary Wedge Definition: Accumulated sediments at a subduction trench.UPSC Pointers: Formed due to scraping of sediments; Seen... Learn More → Adhyaksha Definition: High-ranking superintendents responsible for specific administrative departments such as agriculture, mining, or metallurgy. Learn More → Afar Depression Definition: A triple junction region in East Africa. Prelims Pointers: Nubian, Somali, and Arabian plates meet;... Learn More → Aitchison Committee Committee set up in 1886 to examine reforms in public services.UPSC Pointers: Related to Indianization... Learn More → Ajit Singh Definition: Nationalist revolutionary.Prelims facts: Uncle of Bhagat Singh; involved in Pagri Sambhal Jatta movement. Learn More → Akali Movement Definition: Sikh reform movement.Prelims facts: Sought control of Gurdwaras from Mahants. Learn More → Albedo Definition: Measure of reflectivity of a surface.Key Fact: Ice has high albedo.UPSC Trap: Lower albedo... Learn More → Alfonso de Albuquerque Definition: Portuguese governor who expanded territorial control.• Time Period: 1509–1515• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Captured Goa... Learn More → Aligarh Movement Educational reform movement started by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to modernize Muslims.UPSC: MAO College →... Learn More → Alipore Bomb Case Definition: Major revolutionary conspiracy trial against Indian nationalists in Bengal.Year: 1908–1909Key facts (Prelims): Linked to... Learn More → Alluri Sitarama Raju Definition: Tribal revolutionary leader.Prelims facts: Led Rampa Rebellion; used guerrilla warfare against British. Learn More → Alps Definition: Young fold mountains in Europe.Related Wind: Foehn.PYQ: 2019 Learn More → AmazonFACE Definition: CO₂ enrichment experiment in Amazon forests.UPSC Traps: FACE experiments study plant response, not deforestation.Current... Learn More → Ambition on Melting Ice Definition: A UN-backed initiative to reduce cryosphere melting.UPSC Angle: Climate diplomacy and polar studies. Learn More → Ammonium Nitrate Definition: Hygroscopic chemical used in cloud seeding.PYQ: 2019 Learn More → Amphibole Definition: Double-chain silicate minerals.UPSC Trap: Distinguish from pyroxene. Learn More → Amrita Bazar Patrika Nationalist newspaper founded by Sisir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh.UPSC Pointers: Played key role during... Learn More → Andes Definition: Longest continental mountain range along western South America.Prelims Pointers: Countries—Chile, Peru; Minerals—copper, lithium; River—Amazon... Learn More → Anekantavada Definition: A core Jain philosophical doctrine meaning 'many-sidedness of reality,' asserting that truth is complex... Learn More → Angel Tax Definition: A provision under income tax law that taxes capital raised by unlisted companies when... Learn More → Annie Besant Theosophist and nationalist leader.UPSC: Home Rule Movement; Theosophical Society. Learn More → Anuloma Definition: A form of marriage discussed in texts like the Chandogya Upanishad, where a man... Learn More → Anushilan Samiti Definition: Revolutionary organization in Bengal promoting physical culture and armed resistance.Founded: Early 1900sKey facts: Associated... Learn More → Anuvrata Definition: The 'small vows' prescribed for Jain householders, promoting ethical conduct without complete renunciation.• UPSC... Learn More → Aphelion Definition: Point in a planet’s orbit farthest from the Sun.• UPSC Pointers: Earth at aphelion... Learn More → Appalachians Definition: Old fold mountain range in eastern North America.Prelims Pointers: Rich in coal; Cultural linkage—Appalachian... Learn More → Arctic Definition: Polar region around the North Pole.UPSC Traps: Arctic is an ocean surrounded by continents.Current... Learn More → Arcuate Delta Definition: Fan-shaped delta with a curved seaward margin.Prelims Pointers: Example: Nile Delta.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2014Current... Learn More → Argon Definition: Noble gas in atmosphere.UPSC Traps: Third most abundant gas.Current Affairs: Industrial and scientific uses. Learn More → Article 324 Article 324 deals with the Election Commission. It vests the power of superintendence, direction, and... Learn More → Aruvippuram Movement Anti-caste movement led by Sri Narayana Guru in Kerala.UPSC Pointers: Temple entry, social equality. Learn More → Aryan Definition: In the historical context of the Vedic age, this term denotes a linguistic or... Learn More → Ashfaqulla Khan Definition: Revolutionary freedom fighter.Prelims facts: Close associate of Ram Prasad Bismil; involved in Kakori Robbery;... Learn More → Asthenosphere Definition: Semi-molten, ductile layer beneath the lithosphere.• UPSC Pointers: Enables plate tectonics; lies in upper... Learn More → Atacama Desert Definition: World's driest desert in Chile.Reason: Cold Humboldt Current & rain shadow.PYQ: 2016 Learn More → Atmaram Pandurang Founder of Prarthana Samaj.UPSC: Maharashtra reformer. Learn More → Atmasakti Definition: Idea of self-reliance and constructive work stressed during the Swadeshi phase.Key facts: Focus on... Learn More → Atmiya Sabha Founded in 1815 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in Calcutta. A reformist discussion group aimed... Learn More → August Offer British proposal of 1940 to secure Indian cooperation in WWII.Promised expansion of Executive Council.Recognized right... Learn More → August Revolution Definition: Another name for Quit India Movement.Year: 1942Prelims facts: Launched after failure of Cripps Mission;... Learn More → Aurobindo Ghosh Definition: Nationalist leader turned spiritual philosopher.Prelims facts: Linked to Alipore Bomb Case; later founded Sri... Learn More → Aurora Borealis Definition: Northern lights due to solar wind.UPSC Traps: Occurs near magnetic poles.Current Affairs: Increased during... Learn More → Axial Seamount Definition: An active submarine volcano on the Juan de Fuca Ridge.UPSC Pointers: One of the... Learn More → Ayas Definition: The general Vedic term for metal. The Rigvedic Aryans knew gold and copper/bronze (often... Learn More → Azad Hind Government Definition: Provisional Government of Free India.Founded: 1943Prelims facts: Headed by Subhas Chandra Bose; supported by... Learn More → Azamgarh Proclamation Definition: Proclamation issued during 1857 revolt calling for unity against British rule.Issued by: Firoz Shah.Key... Learn More →
