AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ M M.N. Roy Indian revolutionary and political thinker.Associated with Radical Democratic Party.Advocated constitutional democracy.Critic of orthodox communism. Learn More → Macaulay Committee Committee led by T.B. Macaulay that advocated English education in India.UPSC Traps: 1835 Minute; promotion... Learn More → Mackenzie Colonial official involved in early land surveys.UPSC Traps: Associated with Madras Presidency surveys. Learn More → Madame Blavatsky Co-founder of Theosophical Society.UPSC: Russian origin. Learn More → Magan - An ancient region mentioned in trade records. Prelims Pointer: It refers to modern-day Oman. It... Learn More → Mahadev Govind Ranade Social reformer and judge.UPSC: Widow remarriage supporter. Learn More → Mahal A fiscal and revenue unit comprising one or more villages under the Mahalwari system.UPSC Traps:... Learn More → Mahalanobis Model Definition: A development model emphasizing heavy industries and capital goods, adopted in the Second Five-Year... Learn More → Mahalwari Definition: Land revenue system where assessment was made village-wise.• Time Period: 1820s• UPSC Prelims Pointers:... Learn More → Mahalwari System Village-based land revenue system.UPSC Traps: Introduced by Holt Mackenzie; North-Western Provinces. Learn More → Mahanadi Definition: An east-flowing river originating in Chhattisgarh.Key Facts: Major coal-bearing region along its valley.Current Affairs:... Learn More → Mahanadi Basin Definition: Coal-rich basin in eastern India.Key Facts: Talcher coalfield. Learn More → Maharaja Ranjit Singh Definition: Founder of Sikh Empire.• Time Period: 1799–1839• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Capital Lahore; modernized army. Learn More → Mahatma Gandhi Definition: Leader of Indian freedom struggle.Prelims facts: Introduced Satyagraha; led Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, Quit India... Learn More → Major Mineral Definition: Minerals notified as major minerals under the MMDR Act.Key Facts: Regulated by Central Government;... Learn More → Makrana Definition: Marble-producing region in Rajasthan.Key Facts: Makrana marble used in Taj Mahal. Learn More → Makrana Coast Definition: Coastline of Pakistan affected by active tectonics.UPSC Pointers: Near Makran subduction zone; Tsunami-prone; Arabian... Learn More → Marble Definition: Metamorphosed limestone.Key Facts: Makrana marble used in Taj Mahal. Learn More → Marginal Standing Facility Definition: A facility under which scheduled commercial banks can borrow overnight from the RBI by... Learn More → Mars Definition: Fourth planet, called Red Planet.UPSC Traps: Thin atmosphere.Current Affairs: Focus of rover missions. Learn More → Mascarene High Definition: Subtropical high-pressure cell near Madagascar.Role: Drives SW monsoon.PYQ: 2016 Learn More → Mass Wasting Definition: Downslope movement of soil and rock under gravity.Prelims Pointers: Includes landslides, mudflows, creep; No... Learn More → Mawjymbuin Cave Definition: Limestone cave in Meghalaya.Prelims Pointers: Stalagmite worship.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2018Current Affairs: Geotourism promotion. Learn More → Mawsynram Definition: Wettest place on Earth (Meghalaya).PYQ: 2014 Learn More → Meanders Definition: Loop-like bends in a river course.Prelims Pointers: Mature stage of river; Leads to oxbow... Learn More → Meluhha - An ancient name found in Mesopotamian texts. Prelims Pointer: It refers to the Indus Valley... Learn More → Mesopause Definition: Boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere.UPSC Traps: Coldest atmospheric layer.Current Affairs: Studied in upper-atmosphere research. Learn More → Meteoroid Definition: Small rocky or metallic body moving through space.• UPSC Pointers: Meteor when burns in... Learn More → methane Definition: Potent greenhouse gas (CH₄).UPSC Traps: Shorter life than CO₂ but higher warming potential.Current Affairs:... Learn More → Mica Definition: Sheet silicate minerals.Key Facts: Used in electrical industry. Learn More → Mid-Atlantic Ridge Definition: A divergent plate boundary running through the Atlantic Ocean.UPSC Pointers: Separates Eurasian–North American &... Learn More → Mid-Ocean Ridges Definition: Submarine mountain chains formed at divergent plate boundaries.Prelims Pointers: Youngest oceanic crust; Source of... Learn More → Mid-Oceanic Ridge Definition: An underwater mountain system formed by diverging tectonic plates.UPSC Pointers: Site of sea-floor spreading;... Learn More → Minimum Support Price Definition: Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention in which the government... Learn More → Mir Jafar Definition: Nawab installed by British.• Time Period: 1757• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Betrayed Siraj-ud-Daulah. Learn More → Mir Kasim Definition: Nawab of Bengal.• Time Period: 1760–1763• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Abolished internal duties; fought British. Learn More → Misl Definition: Confederacy or independent unit of Sikh warriors.• Time Period: 18th century• UPSC Prelims Pointers:... Learn More → Mississippi Definition: Major river of North America.Prelims Pointers: Bird’s foot delta; USA.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2013Current Affairs:... Learn More → Mist Definition: Light fog with visibility more than 1 km.PYQ: 2018 Learn More → Mistral Definition: Cold, dry northerly wind blowing from Alps to Mediterranean.Region: Southern France.PYQ: 2014 Learn More → Mixed Economy Definition: A mixed economy is one where both the market mechanism and government intervention coexist... Learn More → Mohorovicic Discontinuity Definition: Boundary between crust and mantle.• UPSC Pointers: Depth ~35 km (continents) and ~5–10 km... Learn More → Monazite Definition: Mineral rich in rare earth elements.Prelims Pointers: Beach sands of India.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2016Current... Learn More → Monetary Policy Committee Definition: A statutory body constituted under the RBI Act, 1934, responsible for determining the policy... Learn More → Monetisation of Deficit Definition: Financing fiscal deficit by borrowing from the RBI, effectively increasing money supply.Key Points for... Learn More → Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms Definition: Constitutional reforms introducing limited self-government.Act: Government of India Act, 1919Prelims facts: Introduced Dyarchy in... Learn More → Moraines Definition: Accumulations of glacial debris.Prelims Pointers: Lateral, medial, terminal.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2016Current Affairs: Glacier retreat... Learn More → Morley-Minto Reforms Definition: Constitutional reforms introduced by the Indian Councils Act, 1909, expanding legislative councils and introducing... Learn More → Motilal Nehru Definition: Congress leader and constitutionalist.Prelims facts: Leader of Swarajists; chaired Nehru Report Committee. Learn More → Mount Cilo Definition: Highest peak of Turkey.Prelims Pointers: Taurus Mountains.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2020Current Affairs: Glacial melt studies. Learn More → Load More
