AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ S S-Wave Definition: Secondary seismic waves moving transverse to direction.• UPSC Pointers: Travel only through solids. Learn More → Sachin Sanyal Definition: Revolutionary leader.Prelims facts: Co-founder of Hindustan Republican Association. Learn More → Safety Valve Theory Theory that the Indian National Congress was started by the British as a safety valve... Learn More → Sagarmala Programme Definition: A port-led development initiative to enhance logistics via coastal and port infrastructure.Key Prelims Traps:Focuses... Learn More → Sahara Desert Definition: Largest hot desert in North Africa.Climate: Subtropical high pressure.PYQ: 2012, 2021 Learn More → Saksham Grid System ‘Saksham’ (Situational Awareness for Kinetic Soft and Hard Kill Assets Management) is a modular, AI-driven... Learn More → Salar de Uyuni Definition: World’s largest salt flat.Prelims Pointers: Bolivia; Lithium reserves.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2022Current Affairs: Lithium geopolitics. Learn More → Samaharta Definition: The chief revenue officer in the Mauryan administrative system, responsible for the assessment, collection,... Learn More → Sambad Kaumudi Bengali newspaper started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.UPSC Pointers: Supported social reforms. Learn More → Samitis Definition: Volunteer corps formed during the Swadeshi Movement.Key facts: Organized picketing, propaganda, and boycott enforcement. Learn More → San Andreas Fault Definition: A transform fault between Pacific and North American plates.UPSC Pointers: Right-lateral strike-slip fault; Major... Learn More → Sanchar Saathi A portal and application launched by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to combat mobile phone... Learn More → Sand Dunes Definition: Mounds or ridges of sand formed by wind deposition.Prelims Pointers: Barchan, longitudinal, transverse dunes.PYQ:... Learn More → Sandstone Definition: Sedimentary rock formed from sand-sized particles.Key Facts: Used as building stone.UPSC Trap: Parent rock... Learn More → Sannidhata Definition: The chief treasurer of the Mauryan state, responsible for the custody of the treasury,... Learn More → Santhagara The assembly hall in the Gana-Sanghas (republics) where the chiefs (Rajas) met to discuss and... Learn More → Santhal Rebellion Definition: Massive tribal uprising against zamindars and British administration.Time period: 1855–56.Leaders: Sidhu and Kanhu.PYQ Tag:... Learn More → Sanyasi Rebellion Definition: Uprising by ascetics and peasants against British revenue policies.Time period: Late 18th century.Region: Bengal.PYQ... Learn More → Saptanga Definition: The theory of the 'Seven Limbs of the State' propounded by Kautilya, comprising the... Learn More → Sardeshmukhi Definition: Additional 10% levy claimed by Marathas.• Time Period: Maratha period• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Over... Learn More → Saturn Definition: Gas giant known for rings.UPSC Traps: Lowest density among planets.Current Affairs: Ring dynamics studied... Learn More → Satyagraha Definition: Philosophy and method of non-violent resistance based on truth and moral force.Introduced by: Mahatma... Learn More → Satyameva Jayate Definition: The national motto of India, meaning "Truth Alone Triumphs." It is derived from the... Learn More → Satyarth Prakash Book written by Swami Dayanand Saraswati advocating Vedic purity.UPSC Pointers: Arya Samaj text; ‘Go Back... Learn More → Satyashodhak Samaj Founded in 1873 by Jyotiba Phule to promote social equality and oppose Brahmanical dominance.UPSC Pointers:... Learn More → Savitribai Phule First woman teacher of India.UPSC: Pioneer of women education. Learn More → Sawalkote Hydro Project A run-of-the-river hydropower project located on the Chenab River in Jammu & Kashmir. Development by NHPC... Learn More → Schist Definition: Medium-grade foliated metamorphic rock.Key Facts: Rich in mica. Learn More → Sea Breeze Definition: Daytime wind from sea to land.Reason: Differential heating.PYQ: 2012 Learn More → Sea Floor Spreading Definition: Process by which new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges due to upwelling... Learn More → Second Anglo-Mysore War Definition: Conflict with Hyder Ali.• Time Period: 1780–1784• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Treaty of Mangalore. Learn More → Second Anglo-Sikh War Definition: Final war leading to annexation of Punjab.• Time Period: 1848–1849• UPSC Prelims Pointers: End... Learn More → Second Carnatic War Definition: Anglo-French struggle for influence in Carnatic.• Time Period: 1749–1754• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Emergence of... Learn More → Second Round Table Conference Definition: Conference on constitutional reforms.Year: 1931Prelims facts: Gandhi attended as sole Congress representative. Learn More → Sedition Committee Definition: Committee appointed to review political offenses.Chairman: Justice RowlattPrelims facts: Recommendations led to Rowlatt Act... Learn More → Seif Definition: Longitudinal sand dunes.Prelims Pointers: Parallel to wind direction.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2014Current Affairs: Desert wind... Learn More → Seismograph Definition: Instrument that records seismic waves.• UPSC Pointers: Record is called seismogram. Learn More → Sentinel-6B Definition: Sentinel-6B is an Earth observation satellite for measuring sea-level rise.Operated by: ESA–NASA.UPSC Focus: Climate... Learn More → Separate Electorate Definition: An electoral system in which members of a community voted only for candidates belonging... Learn More → Setthi A high-level businessman, rich merchant, or banker who played a crucial role in the growing... Learn More → Shadow Zone Definition: Zone where seismic waves are not received.• UPSC Pointers: S-wave shadow zone beyond 103°;... Learn More → Shah Alam II Definition: Mughal Emperor.• Time Period: 1759–1806• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Granted Diwani to Company. Learn More → Shale Definition: Fine-grained sedimentary rock.Key Facts: Forms petroleum source rock. Learn More → Shield Volcanoes Definition: Broad volcanoes with gentle slopes formed by fluid lava.Prelims Pointers: Basaltic lava; Example—Mauna Loa.PYQ:... Learn More → Shramana Definition: Refers to an ascetic or spiritual striver, particularly associated with heterodox traditions such as... Learn More → Shreni Guilds or associations of craftsmen and merchants. They regulated production, training, and prices, and sometimes... Learn More → Shrinkflation Definition: Shrinkflation is a hidden form of inflation where product quantity is reduced while price... Learn More → Shuddhi Movement Reconversion movement started by Arya Samaj to bring back converts to Hindu fold.UPSC Pointers: Associated... Learn More → Shuja-ud-Daula Definition: Nawab of Awadh.• Time Period: 18th century• UPSC Prelims Pointers: Defeated at Buxar. Learn More → Siachen Definition: Largest glacier in India.Prelims Pointers: Karakoram range; Nubra River origin.PYQ: UPSC Prelims 2020Current Affairs:... Learn More → Load More
